Ignore relativity and GPS drifts about 10 km a day. A satellite clock loses roughly 7 µs/day to its orbital speed and gains roughly 45 µs/day by sitting far from Earth’s mass, a net gain of 38 µs/day that has to be corrected deliberately. The Lorentz factor γ = 1/√(1−v²/c²) only bites at high speed: γ is 2 at 0.87c and about 7 at 0.99c, enough for muons born high in the atmosphere to live seven times longer and reach the ground.
Ignore relativity and GPS drifts about 10 km a day. A satellite clock loses roughly 7 µs/day to its orbital speed and gains roughly 45 µs/day by sitting far from Earth’s mass, a net gain of 38 µs/day that has to be corrected deliberately. The Lorentz factor γ = 1/√(1−v²/c²) only bites at high speed: γ is 2 at 0.87c and about 7 at 0.99c, enough for muons born high in the atmosphere to live seven times longer and reach the ground.
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